Efforts to increase livestock production are not enough just to provide natural grass, but additional feed is needed. The high price of imported feed encourages us to be able to utilize various local resources as alternative sources of feed ingredients, especially raw materials for protein and energy sources. These raw materials are expected to be available continuously, abundantly, inexpensively, not competing with human needs, economically profitable, and socially acceptable to the community. One of the feed ingredients that is currently quite potential is palm kernel cake.
This oil palm cake is one of the by-products of palm kernel processing (palm flesh plus the shell), this yield can reach 45% of palm kernel. If we look at the value of the chemical elements, BIS has 14-17% protein, 12-18% crude fiber, 10.5% fat. Therefore, palm kernel cake is very good to be used for animal feed.
For dairy cows, palm kernel cake or BIS can be used 65% of the ration material, 25% corn, and 10% soybean meal. While in beef cattle it can be used up to 70% in animal feed rations. If the farmer gives the sheep as much as 30%, by only giving grass can increase the growth weight from 30g in one day, while by giving BIS, the weight of the sheep can increase to 70g/head/day.
In poultry, the utilization of BIS is around 5-15%, due to its very high crude fiber and low digestibility system. For laying hens, 10-15% can be used, this is because the digestive system of laying hens is better than broilers. Another use of the use of BIS in chickens is also useful as a control of bad bacteria, namely: Salmonella ke-dougou.
Palm kernel cake fermentation process for animal feed with Fungi and Bacteria such as Rhizopus oligospars, Aspergilus niger, or Eupenicilium javanicum can reduce the value of crude fiber, and of course with the fermentation process can increase the protein value of palm kernel cake, and the level of digestibility will also increase. If farmers find it difficult to get them, they can use probiotics on the market such as: SOC (Liquid Organic Supplements) from PT HCS, Probitik Tangguh, EM4, Starbio, etc.
This fermentation process has increased the protein value of palm kernel cake from 14% to 23%. If we add more fiber-destroying enzymes to chicken rations that have 30% palm kernel cake, we can increase the performance of chickens to match that of chickens using regular rations (eg corn and soybean meal).
In addition to the high nutritional content for animal feed, the price of palm kernel cake is also quite cheap because its availability is also abundant. This is because Indonesia is the number one largest palm oil producing country in the world. Contributing as much as 48% of the total volume of palm oil production in the world, followed by Malaysia as a contributor to palm oil production of 37% of the total volume of world palm oil production. Sumatra and Kalimantan are producing regions of more than 96% percent of Indonesia's palm oil production. Sumatra accounts for 78% and Kalimantan 18% of Indonesia's total palm oil production.
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